Maize (Corn)

Maize is the world's most produced grain by tonnage and a staple food for hundreds of millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa, Central America, and parts of South America. It is used as food (maize flour, ugali, tortillas, posho), animal feed, and industrial feedstock (ethanol, starch). In Africa, maize is the most important cereal crop, providing 30-50% of calories in eastern and southern Africa. The crop is remarkably adaptable, growing from sea level to 3,000 m elevation and in rainfall zones from 400-2,500 mm. Major producers include the United States, China, Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico. Maize is a C4 plant with high photosynthetic efficiency, making it one of the most productive crops per unit of water and land.

Maize (Corn) is susceptible to 4 known diseases. Early detection is critical — use the CuraPlant app to scan leaves and get an instant AI diagnosis.

1. 1

   Plant at 75 × 25 cm spacing for optimal plant population (53,000 plants/ha)

2. 2

   Apply nitrogen in 2 splits: at planting and at knee height (V6)

3. 3

   Control weeds early — maize is most sensitive to competition in first 6 weeks

4. 4

   Scout for fall armyworm weekly from emergence through tasseling

5. 5

   Harvest when grain moisture is below 20% for safe storage

6. 6

   Store grain at <13% moisture to prevent aflatoxin and weevil damage

Strategic companion planting reduces pest pressure, improves pollination, and can significantly increase yields.

Active climate zones for Maize (Corn) are highlighted below.