Solanum lycopersicum
Sunlight
Full sun — minimum 6-8 hours direct sunlight daily
Water
Regular, consistent watering — 25-50 mm per week. Avoid overhead irrigation to reduce foliar disease. Drip irrigation ideal.
Soil
Well-drained, fertile loam with pH 6.0-6.8. Rich in organic matter. Avoid waterlogged or compacted soils.
Temperature
Optimal 21-27°C daytime, 15-20°C nighttime. Fruit set fails above 35°C or below 10°C.
Humidity
Moderate (50-70%). High humidity promotes foliar diseases (late blight, bacterial spot).
Season
Warm season — plant after last frost. In tropics, can be grown year-round with irrigation.
Updated February 2026
Isso é Tomato?
Envie uma foto e nossa IA identifica a espécie com guia de cuidados e dicas de cultivo.
Overview
The tomato is the world's most widely grown vegetable crop, cultivated across every continent except Antarctica. A warm-season crop requiring 60-90 days to fruit maturity, tomatoes are grown commercially and by smallholder farmers throughout the tropics, subtropics, and temperate regions. They are rich in lycopene, vitamins A and C, and potassium. Tomatoes can be grown in open fields, greenhouses, or containers. They are classified as determinate (bush type, sets fruit all at once) or indeterminate (vining, continuous production). Major production regions include China, India, Turkey, the United States, and Egypt. In sub-Saharan Africa, tomato is the most important vegetable crop, providing income and nutrition to millions of smallholder farming families.
Plant Health
Tomato is susceptible to 6 known diseases. Early detection is critical — use the CuraPlant app to scan leaves and get an instant AI diagnosis.
Pinta-Preta do Tomateiro
A pinta-preta do tomateiro é causada pelo fungo Alternaria solani. Produz manchas marrom-escuras com anéis concêntricos nas folhas inferiores, espalhando-se para cima. Controle com rotação de culturas, variedades resistentes, cobertura morta para evitar respingos do solo e aplicações de fungicidas à base de clorotalonil ou cobre ao primeiro sinal de sintomas.
Requeima do Tomateiro
A requeima do tomateiro é causada por Phytophthora infestans. Cria lesões encharcadas cinza-esverdeadas que rapidamente se tornam marrom-escuras, com mofo branco na parte inferior das folhas em condições úmidas. Pode destruir lavouras em dias. Aplique pulverizações preventivas de cobre ou mancozebe, destrua plantas infectadas imediatamente e use variedades resistentes.
Vírus do Enrolamento Amarelo das Folhas do Tomateiro
O vírus do enrolamento amarelo das folhas do tomateiro (TYLCV) é um begomovírus transmitido por moscas-brancas (Bemisia tabaci). Plantas infectadas mostram enrolamento das folhas para cima, amarelecimento das margens foliares, crescimento atrofiado e queda de flores. Não há cura — o manejo depende de variedades resistentes, controle de moscas-brancas com nim ou imidacloprido, mulches reflexivos e telas à prova de insetos.
Murcha de Fusarium do Tomateiro
A murcha de Fusarium do tomateiro é causada por Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Causa amarelecimento unilateral, murcha diurna que não se recupera e escurecimento vascular marrom. O fungo sobrevive no solo por décadas. Controle com variedades resistentes (genes I-1, I-2, I-3), enxertia em porta-enxertos resistentes, calagem e solarização do solo.
Murcha Bacteriana do Tomateiro
A murcha bacteriana do tomateiro é causada por Ralstonia solanacearum. Causa murcha rápida sem amarelecimento prévio — a planta murcha verde. Cortando o caule e colocando em água, exsudato bacteriano leitoso escorre. Controle com rotação de 5+ anos, enxertia em porta-enxertos resistentes, calagem, solarização e mudas sadias. Sem controle químico eficaz.
Oídio
O oídio é causado por fungos da ordem Erysiphales que produzem crescimento branco pulverulento na superfície das folhas. Afeta centenas de culturas diferentes. Controle com fungicidas à base de enxofre, bicarbonato de potássio, variedades resistentes, boa circulação de ar e evitando excesso de nitrogênio que produz folhagem suculenta e suscetível.
Cultivation Guide
Start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before transplanting
Harden off seedlings for 7-10 days before field planting
Stake or cage indeterminate varieties for better air circulation and fruit quality
Mulch around plants to conserve moisture and reduce soil splash diseases
Prune suckers on indeterminate types for larger fruit and earlier ripening
Rotate with non-solanaceous crops for at least 3 years
Companion Planting
Strategic companion planting reduces pest pressure, improves pollination, and can significantly increase yields.
Climate & Regions
Active climate zones for Tomato are highlighted below.
Tropical
Suitable
Subtropical
Suitable
Temperate
Suitable
Mediterranean
Suitable
Highland
Suitable
Arid / Semi-arid
Not typical
Specific Zones & Regions
Common Questions
Tomato grows best during the warm season — plant after last frost. in tropics, can be grown year-round with irrigation.. It requires optimal 21-27°c daytime, 15-20°c nighttime. fruit set fails above 35°c or below 10°c. and full sun — minimum 6-8 hours direct sunlight daily. In tropical regions with consistent warmth, it can often be grown year-round with proper irrigation.
Tomato is commonly affected by Tomato Early Blight, Tomato Late Blight, Tomato Leaf Curl Virus and 3 others. Regular crop monitoring, good air circulation, avoiding overhead irrigation, and using disease-resistant varieties are the most effective prevention strategies.
Tomato grows best in well-drained, fertile loam with ph 6.0-6.8. rich in organic matter. avoid waterlogged or compacted soils.. For irrigation: regular, consistent watering — 25-50 mm per week. avoid overhead irrigation to reduce foliar disease. drip irrigation ideal.. Maintaining proper soil moisture without waterlogging is critical — Tomato is sensitive to both drought stress and root rot from excess water.
Tomato grows well alongside basil, marigold, carrot, parsley. These companions help repel pests, improve pollination, or provide ground cover. Avoid planting near fennel, brassicas, walnut, which can inhibit growth or share susceptibility to the same pests and diseases.
CuraPlant
Scan any leaf with your phone and get an instant AI diagnosis, treatment guide, and prevention plan — even offline.
